(nalyd_on_colemak)

Race #8323

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Official speed 100.85 wpm (102.81 seconds elapsed during race)
Without ending ping 103.98 wpm (3,095 ms delay sending score to TypeRacer’s server)
Timerless 106.82 wpm (2,649 ms elapsed before first character typed; 97.06 seconds elapsed during race)
Timerless minus one 106.69 wpm, ignoring the first character typed
Race Start August 11, 2023 10:17:57pm UTC
Race Finish August 11, 2023 10:19:40pm UTC
Outcome No win (3 of 2)
Opponents 1. maniblob (107.94 wpm)
2. bartosz34ek (104.54 wpm)
Accuracy 96.0%
Points 272.29
Text #4940058 (Length: 864 characters)

Calculus is a tool that helps us understand how a change in one quantity is related to a change in another. How does the speed of a falling object change as a function of time? How does the level of water in a barrel change as a function of the amount of liquid poured into it? We see change occurring in nearly everything we observe in the world and universe, and powerful modern instruments help us see more and more. In this section we introduce the ideas of average and instantaneous rates of change, and show that they are closely related to the slope of a curve at a point P on the curve. We give precise developments of these important concepts in the next chapter, but for now we use an informal approach so you will see how they lead naturally to the main idea of this chapter, the limit. The idea of a limit plays a foundational role throughout calculus.
Characters typed Calculus is a tol that tool that helps us understand how achanga change in one quanity tity is related to a change in another. How does the speed of a falling object change as a function of time? How doe the s the lveellevel of wate rin ar in a barrel change as a function of the amount of liquid pourd ine dintod itnnto it? We see change occurrin gin g in early nearly evrerything we observe in the world an dud universe, and powerful modern unisntrunstruments help us see more and more. In this seciton wetion we introduce the idaes of ideas of average and instantaeneous rates of change, and show that they are closely related to the slop of a e of a curse ave at a point P aon the curseve. We give precise developgmments of these inpomrportant concepts in the net cxt chapter, but for now we use an informal apporoach so oyu wilyouw ill you will see how they lead naturall to y to the main iaedea of this chapter, the limit. The riide a of a limit plays a fuoundational role throughout calcualulus.
Timing
Character C a l c u l u s i s a t o l t h a t -t -h
Milliseconds 2649 110 31 113 66 126 321 112 47 81 64 32 63 72 41 63 137 40 71 80 33 31 32 200 0
Character -a -t - -t -o -l - t o o l t h a t h e l p s u s
Milliseconds 0 0 0 96 0 0 0 233 40 103 41 40 71 88 48 41 24 95 137 56 31 168 32 88 73
Character u n d e r s t a n d h o w a c h a n g -a -c -h
Milliseconds 40 159 48 81 95 16 24 50 46 40 80 72 184 41 40 40 63 128 24 72 80 112 168 0 0
Character -a -n -g a c h a n g e i n o n e q u a n i t
Milliseconds 0 0 0 377 72 87 7 81 56 129 24 56 631 65 55 96 33 119 15 161 80 81 55 64 9
Character y - -y -t -i t i t y i s r e l a t e d t o
Milliseconds 143 49 271 112 144 128 80 64 65 79 64 96 25 40 94 41 88 48 49 63 136 81 119 33 55
Character a c h a n g e i n a n o t h e r . H o w
Milliseconds 168 73 120 48 15 120 128 64 49 95 32 48 33 87 32 56 65 16 56 111 32 120 40 72 64
Character d o e s t h e s p e e d o f a f a l l i
Milliseconds 72 40 57 47 16 120 16 16 57 40 79 40 96 49 23 88 32 40 88 32 72 80 16 168 184
Character n g o b j e c t c h a n g e a s a f u n
Milliseconds 32 65 15 88 113 71 48 88 40 48 144 56 24 173 52 343 89 87 81 24 167 73 95 63 65
Character c t i o n o f t i m e ? H o w d o e t h
Milliseconds 56 56 40 57 48 55 72 64 81 160 79 24 56 241 32 143 152 160 64 81 55 56 65 30 57
Character e -t -h -e - - s t h e l v e e l -l -v -e -e -l l e
Milliseconds 24 40 305 0 0 0 135 208 89 63 41 23 137 232 31 8 144 40 225 0 0 0 0 159 32
Character v e l o f w a t e r i n a -a - -n -i -r - r
Milliseconds 64 72 23 65 72 64 24 368 40 72 40 56 17 87 24 48 120 240 111 177 168 145 143 72 23
Character i n a b a r r e l c h a n g e a s a f
Milliseconds 97 57 39 96 152 152 64 40 114 31 64 55 72 72 31 129 96 40 48 64 63 49 72 104 56
Character u n c t i o n o f t h e a m o u n t o f
Milliseconds 80 48 57 31 56 32 40 56 104 24 57 55 40 32 40 144 72 72 80 15 57 23 73 57 7
Character l i q u i d p o u r d i n -n -i - -d e d i n t
Milliseconds 88 24 105 64 127 128 16 136 24 64 88 88 31 89 56 200 120 152 121 135 73 6 57 56 81
Character o -o -t -n -i -d - d i t n -n -t n t o i t ? W e
Milliseconds 71 296 120 168 144 160 129 87 7 104 138 17 398 159 145 89 39 112 80 96 176 56 72 88 88
Character s e e c h a n g e o c c u r r i n g i n -
Milliseconds 64 56 95 25 80 72 7 169 88 7 89 72 96 160 72 64 128 72 40 72 7 89 48 48 296
Character -n -i -g - g i n e a r l y -e -a -r -l -y - n e a r
Milliseconds 112 160 152 128 112 361 127 56 32 112 80 48 48 56 32 272 0 0 0 0 0 400 40 440 48
Character l y e v r -r e r y t h i n g w e o b s e r v
Milliseconds 145 47 80 168 31 201 424 152 40 96 96 48 112 56 48 23 89 72 72 112 89 87 73 31 73
Character e i n t h e w o r l d a n d u -u -d - d
Milliseconds 15 72 104 48 40 192 48 48 48 32 56 88 17 55 16 145 6 97 7 346 175 120 121 87 15
Character u n i v e r s e , a n d p o w e r f u l m o
Milliseconds 97 72 72 160 56 104 72 32 168 32 56 56 32 48 112 40 80 88 104 72 32 40 88 128 33
Character d e r n u n -n -u i s n t r u -u -r -t -n -s n s t r u
Milliseconds 126 57 72 96 56 176 88 272 104 152 64 7 25 56 104 232 120 144 144 112 112 72 480 72 81
Character m e n t s h e l p u s s e e m o r e a n
Milliseconds 575 104 64 24 64 8 120 88 72 16 32 104 48 31 97 40 103 9 104 7 73 72 40 40 96
Character d m o r e . I n t h i s s e c i t o n w
Milliseconds 56 32 104 16 56 72 128 40 136 96 64 72 48 48 40 7 129 7 153 48 16 7 41 48 104
Character e -w -e - -n -o -t -i t i o n w e i n t r o d u c e
Milliseconds 7 289 0 121 168 143 160 112 80 192 368 80 32 96 72 48 360 64 31 50 55 96 64 72 80
Character t h e i d a e s o f -o -f - -i -d -a -e -s - i d
Milliseconds 31 169 72 48 39 89 56 80 32 81 63 80 48 65 215 0 0 120 0 0 0 0 0 616 104
Character e a s o f a v e r a g e a n d i n s t a n
Milliseconds 56 16 104 7 89 80 24 136 88 32 64 56 96 24 48 112 24 88 32 56 64 56 16 152 528
Character t a e -e n e o u s r a t e s o f c h a n g e
Milliseconds 48 88 264 448 136 31 113 48 72 24 120 72 64 23 90 15 72 80 16 184 72 8 153 111 31
Character , a n d s h o w t h a t t h e y a r e
Milliseconds 153 25 47 64 64 16 104 88 31 17 56 96 72 23 81 7 186 22 41 64 40 96 48 24 56
Character c l o s e l y r e l a t e d t o t h e s l
Milliseconds 64 40 7 105 33 72 39 56 88 64 80 40 48 80 88 7 137 7 41 128 16 31 41 112 24
Character o p o f a - -a - -f -o - e o f a c u r s
Milliseconds 23 121 72 88 32 73 47 80 208 104 152 160 144 136 112 48 64 112 88 128 161 167 72 40 48
Character e a -a - -e -s v e a t a p o i n t P a -a
Milliseconds 88 40 80 248 112 144 112 71 97 24 23 89 48 48 104 128 80 72 48 17 71 152 96 112 417
Character o n t h e c u r s e -e -s v e . W e g i v e
Milliseconds 160 65 46 48 64 32 23 129 48 56 48 80 328 104 144 64 136 96 16 88 72 144 40 112 16
Character p r e c i s e d e v e l o p g m -m -g m e n t s
Milliseconds 40 112 56 8 112 40 96 48 72 80 40 113 80 24 72 127 23 137 256 112 160 104 64 32 48
Character o f t h e s e i n p o -o -p -n m r -r p o r t a
Milliseconds 16 192 80 25 63 56 23 57 64 31 226 55 64 80 264 112 152 184 120 360 80 81 47 96 56
Character n t c o n c e p t s i n t h e n e t c -c
Milliseconds 72 80 40 120 41 31 112 72 120 48 184 96 112 72 41 47 48 32 64 88 48 120 120 96 224
Character - -t x t c h a p t e r , b u t f o r n o w
Milliseconds 112 127 377 96 72 112 96 40 128 65 95 80 112 40 88 72 40 31 225 16 72 79 64 24 65
Character w e u s e a n i n f o r m a l a p p o -o
Milliseconds 25 151 40 40 144 64 88 32 88 72 88 273 183 144 31 97 248 95 113 56 64 40 160 48 376
Character r o a c h s o o y u w i l -w -i -l -o -y -u - y o
Milliseconds 128 129 39 112 81 31 177 24 71 72 8 31 74 71 64 72 256 0 0 96 0 0 0 376 120
Character u w i l l -i -l -l - -y -o -u -w - y o u w i l l
Milliseconds 56 57 6 99 55 127 32 208 0 0 0 89 0 0 0 0 231 168 48 56 40 80 80 121 31
Character s e e h o w t h e y l e a d n a t u r a l
Milliseconds 64 72 104 32 192 32 56 17 103 31 33 64 16 433 71 24 96 8 96 88 24 72 48 56 56
Character l t o - -o -t - y t o t h e m a i n i a
Milliseconds 160 96 104 64 32 265 96 159 129 151 65 31 104 25 40 96 24 30 209 48 73 48 63 96 176
Character e -e -a d e a o f t h i s c h a p t e r , t
Milliseconds 8 360 112 136 80 40 64 80 80 41 55 72 32 72 56 128 80 56 41 47 72 56 104 40 136
Character h e l i m i t . T h e r i -i -r i d e - a
Milliseconds 56 48 49 79 88 96 64 97 103 48 112 80 40 24 97 55 280 112 265 95 56 168 416 96 64
Character o f a l i m i t p l a y s a f u -u o u n
Milliseconds 112 48 33 79 64 56 104 88 88 48 24 120 24 48 56 88 8 96 56 64 161 375 185 71 31
Character d a t i o n a l r o l e t h r o u g h o u t
Milliseconds 25 56 88 64 8 32 368 129 63 185 56 79 56 32 96 56 40 32 72 65 55 72 81 55 65
Character c a l c u a l u -u -l -a l u s .
Milliseconds 111 24 48 88 72 24 96 104 296 112 160 216 48 71 73
WPM Timing
Seconds WPM
2.06 0
4.11 40.85
6.17 64.2
8.22 71.49
10.28 79.37
12.34 83.65
14.39 97.55
16.45 107.97
18.51 111.54
20.56 107.97
22.62 107.17
24.67 102.62
26.73 109.99
28.79 110.89
30.84 105.05
32.9 105.05
34.95 102.99
37.01 99.54
39.07 99.22
41.12 101.84
43.18 102.55
45.23 101.34
47.29 98.45
49.35 102.38
51.4 100.85
53.46 101.69
55.52 99.86
57.57 100.47
59.63 101.23
61.68 104.86
63.74 104.49
65.8 103.05
67.85 103.46
69.91 104.02
71.96 104.22
74.02 103.11
76.08 104.26
78.13 103.67
80.19 104.45
82.24 104.32
84.3 101.92
86.36 102.69
88.41 102.34
90.47 102.66
92.53 104.01
94.58 103.15
96.64 103.81
98.69 104.57
100.75 102.91
102.81 100.85