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Pengobatan atom dengan lebih daripada satu elektron memerlukan pertimbangan tentang pengaruh interelectronic tolakan, orbital penetrasi ke arah melindungi nuklear, dan tambahan bilangan kuantum yang menentukan tenaga intrinsik elektron dalam orbit. Semua pertimbangan ini diperlukan untuk membolehkan pembangunan bentuk moden klasifikasi berkala unsur-unsur.

—from Structure and Bonding (Basic Concepts in Chemistry) (Struktur dan Ikatan (Konsep Dasar dalam Kimia)), a book by Jack Barrett

Active since February 5, 2010.
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Malay 58 55.77 February 5, 2010