Official speed |
105.73 wpm (98.06 seconds elapsed during race) |
Without ending ping |
105.88 wpm (136 ms delay sending score to TypeRacer’s server) |
Timerless |
106.91 wpm (948 ms elapsed before first character typed; 96.98 seconds elapsed during race) |
Timerless minus one |
106.79 wpm, ignoring the first character typed |
Race Start |
February 29, 2024 9:51:54pm UTC |
Race Finish |
February 29, 2024 9:53:32pm UTC |
Outcome |
Win (1 of 4) |
Opponents |
2. prinplup9 (98.25 wpm)
|
Accuracy |
97.6% |
Points |
285.48 |
Text |
#4940058 (Length: 864 characters) Calculus is a tool that helps us understand how a change in one quantity is related to a change in another. How does the speed of a falling object change as a function of time? How does the level of water in a barrel change as a function of the amount of liquid poured into it? We see change occurring in nearly everything we observe in the world and universe, and powerful modern instruments help us see more and more. In this section we introduce the ideas of average and instantaneous rates of change, and show that they are closely related to the slope of a curve at a point P on the curve. We give precise developments of these important concepts in the next chapter, but for now we use an informal approach so you will see how they lead naturally to the main idea of this chapter, the limit. The idea of a limit plays a foundational role throughout calculus. |
Characters typed |
Calcukllus is a tool that helps us understand how a cahhange in one quanittity is related to a change in another. How does stthe speed of faia falling object change as a function of time? Hw dwow deooes the level of water in a braarerel changfee a ss a function of the amount of liquid poured into it?= We see change occurring in nearly everything we observe in the world and universe, and powerful modern instruments help us see more and more. In this section we introduce the ideas of averagfe e and instantaneous rates of change, and show that they are closelty ry related to the slope of a cruve curve at a point P on the necurve. We give precise developments of these important concepts in the nexty ch chaoptepter, but for now we use an informal approach so youi w will see how they lead naturally to the main idea of this chaoterpter, the limit. The idea of a limit plays a dfofoundational role throughout calculus. |
Timing |
Character |
C |
a |
l |
c |
u |
k |
l |
-l |
-k |
l |
u |
s |
|
i |
s |
|
a |
|
t |
o |
o |
l |
|
t |
h |
Milliseconds |
948 |
304 |
142 |
102 |
319 |
222 |
0 |
343 |
271 |
390 |
198 |
78 |
66 |
55 |
77 |
77 |
71 |
57 |
110 |
41 |
138 |
134 |
63 |
71 |
126 |
Character |
a |
t |
|
h |
e |
l |
p |
s |
|
u |
s |
|
u |
n |
d |
e |
r |
s |
t |
a |
n |
d |
|
h |
o |
Milliseconds |
68 |
78 |
37 |
49 |
103 |
458 |
188 |
93 |
67 |
78 |
123 |
108 |
106 |
147 |
14 |
106 |
114 |
138 |
81 |
102 |
110 |
96 |
60 |
74 |
162 |
Character |
w |
|
a |
|
c |
a |
h |
-h |
-a |
h |
a |
n |
g |
e |
|
i |
n |
|
o |
n |
e |
|
q |
u |
a |
Milliseconds |
12 |
63 |
85 |
77 |
95 |
99 |
78 |
315 |
101 |
178 |
55 |
115 |
55 |
21 |
84 |
58 |
135 |
54 |
110 |
148 |
20 |
75 |
75 |
133 |
91 |
Character |
n |
i |
t |
-t |
-i |
t |
i |
t |
y |
|
i |
s |
|
r |
e |
l |
a |
t |
e |
d |
|
t |
o |
|
a |
Milliseconds |
73 |
156 |
85 |
405 |
121 |
114 |
83 |
108 |
105 |
114 |
100 |
65 |
59 |
120 |
48 |
51 |
103 |
69 |
85 |
82 |
64 |
117 |
70 |
75 |
103 |
Character |
|
c |
h |
a |
n |
g |
e |
|
i |
n |
|
a |
n |
o |
t |
h |
e |
r |
. |
|
H |
o |
w |
|
d |
Milliseconds |
80 |
85 |
114 |
98 |
109 |
94 |
33 |
78 |
35 |
138 |
33 |
85 |
61 |
158 |
106 |
99 |
86 |
58 |
97 |
106 |
84 |
129 |
61 |
58 |
86 |
Character |
o |
e |
s |
|
s |
t |
-t |
-s |
t |
h |
e |
|
s |
p |
e |
e |
d |
|
o |
f |
|
f |
a |
i |
-i |
Milliseconds |
87 |
77 |
130 |
95 |
122 |
183 |
107 |
170 |
206 |
138 |
47 |
64 |
81 |
98 |
118 |
139 |
58 |
63 |
107 |
71 |
45 |
91 |
76 |
28 |
230 |
Character |
-a |
-f |
a |
|
f |
a |
l |
l |
i |
n |
g |
|
o |
b |
j |
e |
c |
t |
|
c |
h |
a |
n |
g |
e |
Milliseconds |
136 |
139 |
66 |
72 |
219 |
59 |
76 |
128 |
167 |
144 |
106 |
36 |
79 |
416 |
94 |
93 |
62 |
174 |
45 |
135 |
79 |
70 |
115 |
48 |
37 |
Character |
|
a |
s |
|
a |
|
f |
u |
n |
c |
t |
i |
o |
n |
|
o |
f |
|
t |
i |
m |
e |
? |
|
H |
Milliseconds |
60 |
87 |
75 |
77 |
89 |
68 |
64 |
149 |
148 |
73 |
169 |
39 |
69 |
181 |
99 |
124 |
59 |
58 |
98 |
47 |
147 |
71 |
168 |
82 |
121 |
Character |
w |
|
d |
-d |
- |
-w |
w |
-w |
o |
w |
|
d |
e |
o |
-o |
-e |
o |
e |
s |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
l |
Milliseconds |
215 |
68 |
107 |
138 |
142 |
156 |
74 |
200 |
88 |
84 |
64 |
79 |
66 |
91 |
224 |
155 |
251 |
79 |
114 |
75 |
86 |
88 |
57 |
88 |
95 |
Character |
e |
v |
e |
l |
|
o |
f |
|
w |
a |
t |
e |
r |
|
i |
n |
|
a |
|
b |
r |
a |
-a |
-r |
a |
Milliseconds |
34 |
126 |
42 |
77 |
69 |
140 |
46 |
63 |
68 |
87 |
86 |
102 |
66 |
64 |
116 |
153 |
62 |
86 |
85 |
96 |
131 |
53 |
322 |
114 |
52 |
Character |
r |
e |
-e |
r |
e |
l |
|
c |
h |
a |
n |
g |
f |
e |
-e |
-f |
e |
|
a |
|
s |
-s |
- |
s |
|
Milliseconds |
167 |
132 |
289 |
79 |
60 |
73 |
95 |
83 |
88 |
104 |
82 |
116 |
8 |
44 |
281 |
254 |
112 |
58 |
98 |
100 |
55 |
257 |
126 |
138 |
87 |
Character |
a |
|
f |
u |
n |
c |
t |
i |
o |
n |
|
o |
f |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
a |
m |
o |
u |
n |
t |
|
Milliseconds |
96 |
89 |
68 |
146 |
138 |
54 |
155 |
32 |
58 |
155 |
91 |
109 |
58 |
38 |
194 |
88 |
65 |
71 |
90 |
31 |
169 |
154 |
136 |
56 |
75 |
Character |
o |
f |
|
l |
i |
q |
u |
i |
d |
|
p |
o |
u |
r |
e |
d |
|
i |
n |
t |
o |
|
i |
t |
? |
Milliseconds |
94 |
87 |
51 |
49 |
145 |
61 |
119 |
140 |
64 |
61 |
96 |
189 |
194 |
68 |
84 |
69 |
67 |
25 |
144 |
79 |
119 |
120 |
125 |
85 |
133 |
Character |
= |
|
- |
-= |
|
W |
e |
|
s |
e |
e |
|
c |
h |
a |
n |
g |
e |
|
o |
c |
c |
u |
r |
r |
Milliseconds |
13 |
180 |
233 |
144 |
118 |
88 |
181 |
60 |
92 |
174 |
123 |
59 |
104 |
79 |
94 |
100 |
67 |
15 |
81 |
116 |
91 |
120 |
142 |
103 |
125 |
Character |
i |
n |
g |
|
i |
n |
|
n |
e |
a |
r |
l |
y |
|
e |
v |
e |
r |
y |
t |
h |
i |
n |
g |
|
Milliseconds |
65 |
164 |
35 |
62 |
79 |
148 |
101 |
112 |
59 |
44 |
87 |
84 |
148 |
89 |
70 |
104 |
135 |
51 |
107 |
101 |
62 |
113 |
155 |
35 |
73 |
Character |
w |
e |
|
o |
b |
s |
e |
r |
v |
e |
|
i |
n |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
w |
o |
r |
l |
d |
|
a |
Milliseconds |
97 |
57 |
73 |
31 |
182 |
65 |
169 |
69 |
216 |
31 |
65 |
72 |
143 |
55 |
98 |
76 |
61 |
73 |
94 |
80 |
116 |
115 |
65 |
84 |
84 |
Character |
n |
d |
|
u |
n |
i |
v |
e |
r |
s |
e |
, |
|
a |
n |
d |
|
p |
o |
w |
e |
r |
f |
u |
l |
Milliseconds |
76 |
75 |
57 |
66 |
136 |
169 |
86 |
135 |
104 |
134 |
135 |
70 |
122 |
67 |
88 |
57 |
84 |
71 |
135 |
34 |
175 |
65 |
146 |
42 |
165 |
Character |
|
m |
o |
d |
e |
r |
n |
|
i |
n |
s |
t |
r |
u |
m |
e |
n |
t |
s |
|
h |
e |
l |
p |
|
Milliseconds |
95 |
77 |
155 |
18 |
124 |
69 |
46 |
115 |
66 |
134 |
47 |
137 |
74 |
36 |
150 |
58 |
116 |
22 |
124 |
88 |
73 |
127 |
189 |
166 |
83 |
Character |
u |
s |
|
s |
e |
e |
|
m |
o |
r |
e |
|
a |
n |
d |
|
m |
o |
r |
e |
. |
|
I |
n |
|
Milliseconds |
122 |
37 |
111 |
56 |
178 |
128 |
71 |
83 |
159 |
28 |
48 |
68 |
51 |
75 |
100 |
31 |
47 |
169 |
58 |
35 |
89 |
99 |
127 |
152 |
67 |
Character |
t |
h |
i |
s |
|
s |
e |
c |
t |
i |
o |
n |
|
w |
e |
|
i |
n |
t |
r |
o |
d |
u |
c |
e |
Milliseconds |
70 |
92 |
160 |
31 |
52 |
105 |
182 |
59 |
172 |
26 |
49 |
169 |
44 |
71 |
50 |
77 |
117 |
138 |
36 |
46 |
114 |
73 |
131 |
80 |
60 |
Character |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
i |
d |
e |
a |
s |
|
o |
f |
|
a |
v |
e |
r |
a |
g |
f |
e |
|
- |
-e |
Milliseconds |
57 |
109 |
63 |
62 |
72 |
106 |
35 |
63 |
68 |
115 |
124 |
61 |
134 |
86 |
84 |
109 |
144 |
70 |
102 |
118 |
7 |
12 |
65 |
259 |
146 |
Character |
-f |
e |
|
a |
n |
d |
|
i |
n |
s |
t |
a |
n |
t |
a |
n |
e |
o |
u |
s |
|
r |
a |
t |
e |
Milliseconds |
111 |
49 |
55 |
97 |
105 |
63 |
102 |
69 |
146 |
46 |
126 |
80 |
93 |
86 |
155 |
180 |
92 |
127 |
148 |
31 |
56 |
81 |
72 |
97 |
60 |
Character |
s |
|
o |
f |
|
c |
h |
a |
n |
g |
e |
, |
|
a |
n |
d |
|
s |
h |
o |
w |
|
t |
h |
a |
Milliseconds |
112 |
102 |
49 |
99 |
72 |
93 |
79 |
67 |
109 |
70 |
45 |
99 |
61 |
85 |
111 |
169 |
139 |
64 |
90 |
154 |
28 |
62 |
95 |
84 |
52 |
Character |
t |
|
t |
h |
e |
y |
|
a |
r |
e |
|
c |
l |
o |
s |
e |
l |
t |
y |
|
r |
-r |
- |
-y |
-t |
Milliseconds |
102 |
65 |
102 |
62 |
119 |
102 |
41 |
132 |
95 |
62 |
63 |
107 |
49 |
118 |
40 |
149 |
46 |
104 |
3 |
64 |
126 |
177 |
132 |
149 |
106 |
Character |
y |
|
r |
e |
l |
a |
t |
e |
d |
|
t |
o |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
s |
l |
o |
p |
e |
|
o |
f |
Milliseconds |
56 |
86 |
119 |
77 |
41 |
92 |
93 |
81 |
99 |
57 |
136 |
64 |
91 |
78 |
88 |
60 |
78 |
65 |
43 |
159 |
140 |
90 |
52 |
92 |
105 |
Character |
|
a |
|
c |
r |
u |
v |
e |
|
-c |
-r |
-u |
-v |
-e |
- |
c |
u |
r |
v |
e |
|
a |
t |
|
a |
Milliseconds |
33 |
336 |
121 |
173 |
166 |
94 |
99 |
49 |
85 |
334 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
315 |
206 |
41 |
206 |
73 |
81 |
91 |
102 |
98 |
63 |
Character |
|
p |
o |
i |
n |
t |
|
P |
|
o |
n |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
n |
e |
-e |
-n |
c |
u |
r |
v |
e |
Milliseconds |
88 |
67 |
169 |
174 |
151 |
64 |
51 |
114 |
110 |
163 |
164 |
83 |
60 |
85 |
83 |
50 |
76 |
94 |
366 |
124 |
257 |
131 |
52 |
200 |
58 |
Character |
. |
|
W |
e |
|
g |
i |
v |
e |
|
p |
r |
e |
c |
i |
s |
e |
|
d |
e |
v |
e |
l |
o |
p |
Milliseconds |
89 |
95 |
131 |
126 |
91 |
132 |
82 |
99 |
55 |
100 |
56 |
75 |
67 |
138 |
108 |
90 |
186 |
88 |
91 |
92 |
119 |
60 |
76 |
183 |
115 |
Character |
m |
e |
n |
t |
s |
|
o |
f |
|
t |
h |
e |
s |
e |
|
i |
m |
p |
o |
r |
t |
a |
n |
t |
|
Milliseconds |
163 |
53 |
131 |
97 |
115 |
96 |
112 |
68 |
69 |
77 |
93 |
75 |
164 |
118 |
79 |
35 |
150 |
174 |
132 |
63 |
125 |
104 |
71 |
60 |
75 |
Character |
c |
o |
n |
c |
e |
p |
t |
s |
|
i |
n |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
n |
e |
x |
t |
y |
|
c |
h |
-h |
Milliseconds |
120 |
59 |
169 |
64 |
56 |
101 |
64 |
112 |
31 |
99 |
130 |
28 |
66 |
103 |
60 |
75 |
80 |
8 |
174 |
105 |
3 |
57 |
65 |
103 |
248 |
Character |
-c |
- |
-y |
|
c |
h |
a |
o |
p |
t |
e |
-e |
-t |
-p |
-o |
p |
t |
e |
r |
, |
|
b |
u |
t |
|
Milliseconds |
118 |
144 |
137 |
137 |
72 |
110 |
76 |
114 |
0 |
54 |
128 |
124 |
142 |
157 |
150 |
39 |
99 |
127 |
46 |
97 |
78 |
90 |
70 |
125 |
79 |
Character |
f |
o |
r |
|
n |
o |
w |
|
w |
e |
|
u |
s |
e |
|
a |
n |
|
i |
n |
f |
o |
r |
m |
a |
Milliseconds |
86 |
79 |
117 |
60 |
62 |
170 |
36 |
38 |
162 |
70 |
138 |
180 |
74 |
155 |
58 |
73 |
87 |
91 |
87 |
136 |
10 |
186 |
154 |
76 |
123 |
Character |
l |
|
a |
p |
p |
r |
o |
a |
c |
h |
|
s |
o |
|
y |
o |
u |
i |
|
w |
-w |
- |
-i |
|
w |
Milliseconds |
91 |
43 |
113 |
43 |
117 |
83 |
109 |
62 |
84 |
106 |
56 |
66 |
104 |
86 |
90 |
51 |
148 |
10 |
71 |
72 |
178 |
140 |
138 |
65 |
66 |
Character |
i |
l |
l |
|
s |
e |
e |
|
h |
o |
w |
|
t |
h |
e |
y |
|
l |
e |
a |
d |
|
n |
a |
t |
Milliseconds |
51 |
136 |
121 |
44 |
92 |
180 |
140 |
54 |
75 |
179 |
49 |
64 |
100 |
71 |
67 |
111 |
54 |
145 |
39 |
53 |
48 |
54 |
107 |
39 |
173 |
Character |
u |
r |
a |
l |
l |
y |
|
t |
o |
|
t |
h |
e |
|
m |
a |
i |
n |
|
i |
d |
e |
a |
|
o |
Milliseconds |
95 |
94 |
77 |
73 |
119 |
29 |
92 |
115 |
70 |
89 |
66 |
89 |
64 |
64 |
63 |
73 |
93 |
138 |
76 |
103 |
9 |
83 |
29 |
45 |
141 |
Character |
f |
|
t |
h |
i |
s |
|
c |
h |
a |
o |
t |
e |
r |
-r |
-e |
-t |
-o |
p |
t |
e |
r |
, |
|
t |
Milliseconds |
82 |
67 |
87 |
82 |
167 |
54 |
57 |
101 |
100 |
104 |
111 |
55 |
123 |
65 |
177 |
127 |
146 |
151 |
65 |
56 |
129 |
49 |
70 |
88 |
51 |
Character |
h |
e |
|
l |
i |
m |
i |
t |
. |
|
T |
h |
e |
|
i |
d |
e |
a |
|
o |
f |
|
a |
|
l |
Milliseconds |
106 |
72 |
76 |
64 |
161 |
127 |
160 |
119 |
101 |
64 |
113 |
143 |
24 |
104 |
109 |
30 |
80 |
30 |
77 |
109 |
86 |
77 |
83 |
80 |
86 |
Character |
i |
m |
i |
t |
|
p |
l |
a |
y |
s |
|
a |
|
d |
f |
o |
-o |
-f |
-d |
f |
o |
u |
n |
d |
a |
Milliseconds |
154 |
138 |
153 |
94 |
60 |
64 |
131 |
70 |
154 |
47 |
66 |
87 |
68 |
113 |
0 |
61 |
247 |
126 |
249 |
127 |
62 |
158 |
119 |
36 |
111 |
Character |
t |
i |
o |
n |
a |
l |
|
r |
o |
l |
e |
|
t |
h |
r |
o |
u |
g |
h |
o |
u |
t |
|
c |
a |
Milliseconds |
67 |
32 |
40 |
165 |
88 |
106 |
62 |
61 |
81 |
129 |
73 |
32 |
125 |
51 |
136 |
65 |
175 |
110 |
55 |
172 |
174 |
15 |
102 |
131 |
106 |
Character |
l |
c |
u |
l |
u |
s |
. |
Milliseconds |
97 |
83 |
147 |
166 |
138 |
100 |
70 |
|
WPM Timing |
Seconds |
WPM |
1.96 |
30.59 |
3.92 |
48.95 |
5.88 |
67.3 |
7.84 |
78.01 |
9.81 |
83.21 |
11.77 |
85.66 |
13.73 |
93.53 |
15.69 |
92.54 |
17.65 |
91.78 |
19.61 |
92.39 |
21.57 |
96.23 |
23.53 |
92.8 |
25.5 |
92.72 |
27.46 |
92.65 |
29.42 |
90.96 |
31.38 |
90.63 |
33.34 |
93.22 |
35.3 |
94.16 |
37.26 |
94.03 |
39.22 |
95.45 |
41.19 |
97.02 |
43.15 |
98.73 |
45.11 |
99.76 |
47.07 |
100.7 |
49.03 |
102.3 |
50.99 |
103.31 |
52.95 |
104.7 |
54.91 |
104.24 |
56.88 |
105.07 |
58.84 |
106.26 |
60.8 |
105.4 |
62.76 |
106.31 |
64.72 |
104.2 |
66.68 |
104.38 |
68.64 |
103.32 |
70.6 |
103.85 |
72.57 |
104.18 |
74.53 |
104.66 |
76.49 |
104.02 |
78.45 |
103.4 |
80.41 |
103.87 |
82.37 |
104.6 |
84.33 |
104.16 |
86.29 |
104.99 |
88.25 |
106.06 |
90.22 |
105.35 |
92.18 |
105.84 |
94.14 |
105.29 |
96.1 |
105.89 |
98.06 |
105.73 |
|